In this paper the optimal bidding strategy of virtual power plant (VPP) in a joint market of energy and spinning reserve service, coupled with reactive power market is investigated. The proposed bidding strategy model is non-equilibrium based on security-constrained pri More
In this paper the optimal bidding strategy of virtual power plant (VPP) in a joint market of energy and spinning reserve service, coupled with reactive power market is investigated. The proposed bidding strategy model is non-equilibrium based on security-constrained price-based unit commitment (SCPBUC), which considers the VPP supply-demand balancing and security constraints. The model is a non-convex mixed-integer nonlinear optimization problem with inter-temporal constraints. It is solved by mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP), and the solution is a single optimal bidding profile for each of the energy, spinning reserve, and reactive power markets.
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Energy efficiency is one of the most important issues in the power system studies and many methods are used to improve power systems efficiency. Combined cool, heat and power (CCHP) systems are one of the most important technologies that can improve power system efficie More
Energy efficiency is one of the most important issues in the power system studies and many methods are used to improve power systems efficiency. Combined cool, heat and power (CCHP) systems are one of the most important technologies that can improve power system efficiency and these systems use their excess heat for supplying heat and cool loads.
This paper presents a framework for optimal operation of CCHP systems in a microgrid. At first the unit cost functions are used to optimize operation of CCHP units. Then the algorithm determines the optimal operating strategy of microgrid units. A multi-criteria operation optimization method is proposed that uses primary energy consumption, pollution emissions and operating costs as criteria.
The case study is performed for a nine bus microgrid and the results are compared with reference articles results and the advantage of the proposed method is investigated.
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