یک سیستم بینایی هوشمند برای نظارت خودکار بر آتش‌سوزی جنگل‌ها
محورهای موضوعی : مهندسی برق و کامپیوترمحمدصادق کیهان‌پناه 1 , بهروز کوهستانی 2 *
1 - دانشگاه تبریز،دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک
2 - دانشگاه تبریز،دانشکده مهندسی برق و کامپیوتر
کلید واژه: آتش‌سوزی جنگل, پردازش تصویر, شبکه عصبی کانولوشنی, یادگیری عمیق,
چکیده مقاله :
مقابله با آتش‌سوزی جنگل‌ها برای جلوگیری از خطرات بالقوه آنها و همچنین حفاظت از منابع طبیعی به عنوان یک چالش در میان محققان مطرح است. هدف از این تحقیق، تشخیص ویژگی‌های آتش و دود از تصاویر بصری پهپاد برای دسته‌بندی، تشخیص شیء و قطعه‌بندی تصاویر است. از آنجا که جنگل‌ها محیط‌های بسیار پیچیده و غیر ساختاری هستند، استفاده از سیستم بینایی همچنان با مشکلاتی نظیر شباهت ویژگی‌های شعله با نور خورشید، گیاهان و حیوانات و یا پوشش شعله با دود مواجه است که باعث هشدارهای اشتباه می‌شوند. روش پیشنهادی در این تحقیق، استفاده از شبکه‌های عصبی کانولوشنی از روش‌های یادگیری عمیق است که به صورت خودکار، توانایی استخراج یا تولید ویژگی در لایه‌های مختلف خود را دارند. ابتدا به جمع‌آوری داده و افزایش آنها با توجه به روش‌های داده‌افزایی پرداخته شده و در ادامه، استفاده از یک شبکه ۱۲ لایه برای دسته‌بندی و همچنین روش یادگیری انتقالی برای قطعه‌بندی تصاویر پیشنهاد می‌شود. نتایج به دست آمده نشان می‌دهند که روش داده‌افزایی به کار برده شده با توجه به تغییر اندازه و آماده‌سازی تصاویر ورودی به شبکه از کاهش شدید ویژگی‌های موجود در تصاویر اولیه جلوگیری کرده و همچنین شبکه‌های عصبی کانولوشنی مورد استفاده می‌توانند به خوبی ویژگی‌های آتش و دود موجود در تصاویر را استخراج کنند و نهایتاً به تشخیص و محلی‌سازی آنها بپردازند.
Fighting forest fires to avoid their potential dangers as well as protect natural resources is a challenge for researchers. The goal of this research is to identify the features of fire and smoke from the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) visual images for classification, object detection, and image segmentation. Because forests are highly complex and nonstructured environments, the use of the vision system is still having problems such as the analogues of flame characteristics to sunlight, plants, and animals, or the smoke blocking the images of the fire, which causes false alarms. The proposed method in this research is the use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) as a deep learning method that can automatically extract or generate features in different layers. First, we collect data and increase them according to data augmentation methods, and then, the use of a 12-layer network for classification as well as transfer learning method for segmentation of images is proposed. The results show that the data augmentation method used due to resizing and processing the input images to the network to prevent the drastic reduction of the features in the original images and also the CNNs used can extract the fire and smoke features in the images well and finally detect and localize them.
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