ijece-202605192220260519223108CMV Verlagkhoffmann@cmv-verlag.comCMV VerlagNashriyyah -i Muhandisi -i Barq va Muhandisi -i Kampyutar -i Iranijece16823745321200421M.R.mirsarrafmovagharmovagharMohammadHakkak321200431410.66224/ijece.27823.2.1.3http://ijece.org/en/Article/27823http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27823http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27823http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27823http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27823http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27823http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27823http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27823 [1] A. D. Malyan, L. J. Ng, V. C. M. Leung, and R. W. Donaldson, "Network architecture and signalling for Wireless personal Communications," IEEE J. Selected Area Commun., vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 830-841, Aug. 1993. [2] Y. B. Lin, "Determining the user locations for personal communication networks," IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 466-473, Aug. 1994. [3] A. Aabutaleb and V. O. K. Li, "Paging strategy optimization in personal communication system," ACM/Baltzer J. Wireless Networks, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 195-204, Aug. 1997. [4] I. F. Akyildiz, J. McNair, J. S. M. Ho, H. Vzunalioglu, and W. Wang, "Mobility management in next generation wireless systems," Proc. IEEE, vol. 87, no. 8, pp. 1348-1358, Aug. 1999. [5] I. F. Akyildiz, J. S. M. Ho, and Y. -B. Lin, "Movement-Based location update and selective paging for PCS networks," IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 629-638, Aug. 1996. [6] A. Bar-Noy, I Kessler, and M. Sidi, "Mobile users: to update or not to update," ACM/Baltzer J-Wireless Networks, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 175-186, Jul. 1995. [7] J. S. M. Ho, and I. F Akyildiz, "Mobile user location update and paging under delay constraints," ACM/Baltzer J. Wireless Networks, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 413-425, Dec. 1995. [8] U. Madhow, M. Honig, and K. Steiglitz, "Optimization of wireless resource for personal communications mobility tracking," IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking, vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 698-707, Dec. 1995. [9] C. Rose, "Minimizing the average cost of paging and registration: A timer-based method," ACM/Baltzer J. Wireless Networks, vol. 2, no 2, pp. 109-116, Jun. 1996. [10] V. W. Wang and V. C. M. Leung, "An adaptive distance-based location update algorithm for next-generation PCS networks," IEEE J. Selected Areas in Comm. , vol. 19, no.10, pp. 1942-1952, Oct.2001. [11] S. K. Sen, A. Bhattacharya, and S. K. Das, "A selective location update strategy for PCS users, " ACM/Baltzer J. Wireless Networks, vol. 5, no. 5, pp. 313-326, Sep. 1999. [12] C. Rose, "State-based paging/registration: a greedy technique," IEEE Trans. Vehicular Technology, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 1666-173, Jan. 1999. [13] Z. Noar, "Tracing mobile users with uncertain parameters," in Proc. ACM/IEEE Mobicomm’00, pp.110-119, 2000. [14] T. X. Grown, and S. Mohan, "Mobility management for personal communications systems," IEEE Trans. Vehicular Technology, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 269-278, May 1997. [15] A. Bhaltlacharya, and S. K. Das, "LeZi_update: an information_theoric framework for personal mobility tracking in PCS networks," ACM Wireless Network, vol. 8, no. 2-3,pp. 121-135, Mar./May 2002. [16] T. A. Welch, "A technique for high performance data compression," IEEE Computer Magazine, vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 8-19, Jun. 1984. [17] I. -R. Chen, and B. Gu, "Qualitive analysis of a hybrid replication with forwarding strategy for efficient and uniform location management in mobile wireless networks," IEEE Trans. on Mobile Computing, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 3-15, Jan./Mar. 2003.A.danaAhmadKhadem ZadehMohammad EsmaeilKalantari3212004152310.66224/ijece.27824.2.1.15http://ijece.org/en/Article/27824http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27824http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27824http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27824http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27824http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27824http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27824http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27824[1] T. Chen and T. oh, "Reliable services in MPLS," IEEE Commun.Mag., vol. 37, no. 12, pp. 58-62, Dec 1999. [2] R. Cardwell and G. Brush, "Meeting the challenge of assuring dependable telecommunication services in the 90’s," IEEE Communication Mag., vol. 28, no. 6, pp. 40-45, Jun. 1990. [3] W. D. Grover, B. D. Venables, M. H. Macgregor, and J. H. Sandham, "Development and performance assessment of a distributed asynchronous Protocol for Real-time network restoration," IEEE Journal on Selected Area in Communications, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 112-125, Jan. 1991. [4] C. Han Yang and S. Hesegaw, "Fitness: failure immunization technology for network service survivability," in Proc. IEEE GlobeCom’88, vol. 3, pp. 1549-1554, 1988. [5] H. Sakuchi, Y. Nishimure, and S. Hasegawa, "A self healing network with an economical spare-channel assignment," in Proc. IEEE GlobeCom’ 90, vol. 1, pp.438-443, 1990. [6] H. Fujii and N. Yoshikai, "Restoration message transfer mechanism and restoration characteristics of double-search self-healing ATM network," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 12, no.1, pp.149-158, Jan.1994. [7] R. Kawamura, K. Sato, and I. Tokizawa, "Self-healing ATM network techniques utilizing virtual paths," in Proc. of 5th Int. Network Planning Sym, pp. 129-134, 1992. [8] R. Kawamura, K. Sato, and I. Tokizawa, "Self-healing ATM networks based on virtual path concept, " IEEE Journal on selected Areas in communications, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 120-127, Jan. 1994. [9] V. Sharma et al., Framework for MPLS-Based Recovery, draft-ietfmpls- recovery-frmwrk-04.txt, May 2002. [10] H. Dimitry and R. Krishnan, A Method for Setting an Alternative Label Switched Paths to Handle Fast Reroute, Internet Draft- Haskin-MPLS-Fast-Reroute-50.TXT, May 2001 [11] K. Owens, V. Sharma, and S. Makam, A Path Protection/Restoration mechanism for MPLS Networks, draft-chang-MPLS-path–protection- 03 .txt, Jul. 2001. [12] R. Bartos and M. Raman, "A heuristic approach to service restoration in MPLS networks," in Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Communication, vol. 1, pp. 117-121, Finland, Jun. 2001. [13] V. Paxson and S. Floyd, "The failure of poisson modeling," in IEEE/ ACM Trans. on Networking, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 226-244, Jun. 1995. [14] H. J. Fowler, and W. E. Leland, "Local area network traffic characteristics, with Implications for broadband network congestion management," IEEE Journal on Selected Area in Communications, vol. 9, no. 7, pp. 1139-1149, Sep. 1991. [15] W. Leland, M. Taqqu, W. Willinger, and D. Wilson, "On the selfsimilar Nature of Ethernet Traffic," IEEE/ACM Transaction on Networking, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 1-15, Feb. 1994. [16] J. M. Peha, "Retransmission mechanisms and self-similar traffic models," in Proc. IEEE /ACM SCS Communication Networks and Distributed Systems Modeling and Simulation Conf., pp. 47-52,Jan. 1997. [17] I. Norros, "Studies on a model for connection less traffic, based on fractional brownian motion, " in Proc. Conf. on Applied Probability in Engineering, Computer and Communication Science, pp. 16-18, Paris, Jun. 1993. [18 ] آرش دانا، احمد خادم زاده، کامبیز بدیع و شاهرخ ولایی،"یک روش جدید برای بازیافت LSP در شبکه IP بر پایه سوئیچ های برچسبی چند پروتکله (MPLS)، هفتمین کنفرانس سالانه انجمن کامپیوتر ایران، صص 439-477، اسفند 1380.MohammadsorooshMohammad KazemمروجMoravvej-Farshi فرشيAbbasZarifkar3212004152310.66224/ijece.27825.2.1.15http://ijece.org/en/Article/27825http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27825http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27825http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27825http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27825http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27825http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27825http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27825[1] E. Gramsch, R. E. Avila, and J. Ferrer, "Development of a novel planar-construction avalanche photodiode," IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci., vol. 48, no. 4, pp. 211-217, Aug. 2001. [2] J. N. Haralson, and K. F. Brennan, "Novel edge suppression technique for planar avalanche photodiode," IEEE J. Quantum Electron, vol.35, no. 12, pp. 1863-1869, Dec. 1999. [3] Kang, P. Mages, and A. R. Glawson, "Fused InGaAs-Si avalanche photodiodes with low-noise performances," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 14, no. 11, pp. 1593-1595, Nov. 2002. [4] H. Nie, K. A. Anselm, C. Lenox, and P. Yuan, "Resonant-cavity separate absorption, charge and multiplication avalanche photodiodes with high gain-bandwidth product," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 409-411, Mar. 1998. [5] W. Chen, and Sh. Liu, "PIN avalanche photodiodes model for circuit simulation," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 32, no. 12, pp. 2105-2111, Dec. 1996. [6] K. A. Anselm, H. Nie, C. Hu, and C. Lenox, "Performance of thin separate absorption, charge, and multiplication avalanche photodiodes," IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 482-490, Mar. 1998. [7] P. Bhattacharya, Semiconductor Optoelectronic Device, Prentice-Hall, 1997. [8] H. Nie, C. Lenox, G. Kinsey, and A. L. Holmes, "Resonant cavity InGaAs/InAlAs separate absorption, charge and multiplication avalanche photodiode," in Proc. Conf. on Optoelectronic and Microelectronic Materials Devices, pp. 81-82, NJ, 1998.MohammadKhalaj-Amirhosseini3212004293410.66224/ijece.27826.2.1.29http://ijece.org/en/Article/27826http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27826http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27826http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27826http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27826http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27826http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27826http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27826[1] C. R. Paul, Analysis of Multiconductor Transmission Lines, John Wiley and Sons Inc., 1994. [2] G. -T. Lei, G. -W. Pan, and B. K. Gilbert, "Examination, clarification and simplification of modal decoupling method for muticonductor tansmission lines," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Tech., vol. 43, no. 9, pp. 2090-2099, Sep. 1995. [3] K. D. Marx, "Propagation modes, equivalent circuits and characteristic terminations for multiconductor transmission lines with inhomogeneous dielectrics," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Tech., vol. 21, no. 7, pp. 450-457, Jul. 1973. [4] M. A. Mehalic and R. Mittra, "Investigation of tapered multiple microstrip lines for VLSI circuits," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Tech., vol. 38, no. 11, pp. 1559-1566, Nov. 1990. [5] O. A. Palusinski and A. Lee, "Analysis of transients in nonuniform and uniform muticonductor transmission lines," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Tech., vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 127-138, Jan. 1989.A.MohammadiR. Khosravi3212004354010.66224/ijece.27827.2.1.35http://ijece.org/en/Article/27827http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27827http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27827http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27827http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27827http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27827http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27827http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27827[1] E. Camargo, Design of FET Frequency Multiplier and Harmonic Oscillators, Artech House, 1998. [2] S. A. Maas, Nonlinear Microwave Circuits, Artech House, 1988. [3] S. A. Maas, The RF and Microwave Circuit Design Cookbook, Artech House,1998. [4] E. O. Ciardha, S. U. Lidholm, and B. Lyons, "Generic-device frequency multiplier analysis," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 48, no. 7, pp. 1134-1141, Jul. 2000. [5] M. Borg and G. R. Branner, "Novel MIC bipolar frequency doublers having high gain, wide bandwidth and good spectral performance," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 39, no. 12, pp. 1936-1946, Dec. 1991. [6] D. G. Thomas Jr. and G. R. Branner, "Single-ended HEMT multiplier design using reflector networks," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 990-993, May 2001. [7] D. G. Thomas Jr. and G. R. Branner, "Optimization of active microwave frequency performance utilizing harmonic terminating impedance," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech., vol. 44, no. 12, pp. 2617-2624, Dec. 1996. [8] FHX35X/002, FHX35LG/002, Low Noise HEMT, Fujitsu Compound Semiconductor, Inc., 1988, www.fcsi.fujitsu.com/ products/LWpdf/FHX35X002.pdf [9] J. Golio, Microwave MESFET’s and HEMT’s, Artech House, 1991. [10] D. M. Pozar, Microwave Engineering, 2nd Ed., John Wiely, 1988. [11] G. Gonzalez, Microwave Transistor Amplifiers, Analysis and Design, Prentice-Hall, 1997.A.abdipourF.Arazm3212004414410.66224/ijece.27828.2.1.41http://ijece.org/en/Article/27828http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27828http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27828http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27828http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27828http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27828http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27828http://ijece.org/en/Article/Download/27828[1] C. A. Snowden (Ed.), Semiconductor Device Modeling, Springer- Verlag, 1989. [2] J. A. Dobrowski, Introduction to Computer methods for Microwave Circuit Analysis and Design, Artech House, 1991. [3] R. Q. Lane, "The determination of device noise parameters," Proc.IEEE, vol. 57, pp.1461-1462, Aug. 1969. [4] L. Escotte, R. Plana, and J. Graffeuil, "Evaluation of noise parameter extraction methods," IEEE Trans on Microwave Theory Techniques, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 382-387, Mar. 1993. [5] M. Mitama, and H. Katoh, "An improved computational method for noise parameter measurements," IEEE Trans on Microwave Theory Techniques, vol. 27, no. 6, pp.612-615, Jun. 1979. [6] G. I. Vasilescu, G. Alquie, and M. Kim, "Exact computation of twoport noise parameters," Electronic Letters, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 292- 293, Feb. 1989. [7] A. Boudiaf, M. Laporte, J. Dangla, and G. Vernet, "Accuracy improvements in two-port noise parameter extraction methods," IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Digest, vol. 3, pp. 1569-1572,1992. [8] A. Boudiaf, and M. Laporte, "An accurate and repeatable technique for noise parameter measurements," IEEE Trans. IM. ,vol. 42, no. 2, pp. 532-537, Apr. 1993.